Glycobiology

We offer varieties of keratan sulfate (KS) monoclonal antibodies that are tested for use in ELISA, Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Radioimmunoassay, and Western Blotting assays. For example, three monoclonal antibodies (Clone R-10G), (Clone 5D4), and (Clone 373E1) are now available.

Hyaluronan/Hyaluronic Acid (HA) is non-immunogenic, because of its simple, conserved composition and ubiquitous expression in all animals with a developed immune response. As a result, there are no antibodies that specifically recognize HA, so traditional immunological methods of detecting of HA are not possible. Therefore, we offer biotinylated HABP (Versican G1 domain) which binds specifically to HA and can be used like an antibody to detect and measure HA in ELISA, Immunohistochemistry or Blotting applications. It does not cross-react to other Glycosaminoglycans or to DNA. We introduce HABP in purified and biotinylated forms.

Glycolipids are lipids that have a carbohydrate connected to them via a glycosidic bond and are found on the outer surface of all eukaryotic cell membranes. They keep the membrane stable and aid cellular recognition. Gangliosides are glycolipids containing one or more sialic acids attached to the sugar chain and are linked to the brain and nervous system. The ganlioside and glycolipid antibodies can be used for immunoassay techniques such as: TLC, FC, ELISA, ICC and IHC.

The sugar chain antibodies are vital in evaluating the biological function of certain sugar chains. We offer a wide range of sugar chains monoclonal antibodies for glycobiology research. We now provide sugar chains monoclonal antibodies, such as Clone RGM21, RGM22, PGM34, HGM44 and HIK1083. View more

RGM21 is a mouse monoclonal antibody that detects mucin-type carbohydrate antigens that contain a blood group H (type 1 chain) sequence and was produced against mucins isolated from normal rat gastric mucosa.

RGM22 is a mouse monoclonal antibody that detects mucin-type carbohydrate antigens with a terminal GalNAc1-3Gal sequence and was produced against mucins isolated from normal rat gastric mucosa.

PGM34 is a mouse monoclonal antibody that detects mucin-type carbohydrate antigens with a 6-sulfated blood grope H (type 2 chain) sequence isolated from normal pig gastric mucosa.

HGM44 is a mouse monoclonal antibody that detects mucin-type carbohydrate antigens with a blood group Lewis b sequence and was produced against mucins isolated from normal human gastric mucosa.

HIK1083 is a mouse monoclonal antibody that detects mucin-type carbohydrate antigens with a peripheral alpha-linked N-acetylglucosamine and was raised against mucins isolated from normal rat gastric mucosa.

For glycobiology research and other applications, We offer a wide selection of specialized enzymes. Chondroitinase, heparinase, hyaluronidase, keratanase, and endo- and exo-glycosidases are among of our glycosaminoglycan (GAG) degrading enzymes.

Heparinases (Heparin Lyase enzymes) cleave the glycosidic bond between hexosamines and uronic acids and are known to selectively cleave heparin and HS chains via an elimination mechanism. Heparinase enzymes produce a 232 nm absorbable double bond on the non-reducing end of uronic acid, which can be used to identify oligosaccharide and disaccharide compounds. We offer the heparinase enzymes [Heparinase I, Heparinase II (Heparitinase II), and Heparinase III (Heparitinase I)] that are isolated from Flavobacterium heparinum, and recombinant Flavobacterium heparinum.

Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans (CSPGs) are involved in the inhibition of axon regeneration after various forms of damage to the Central Nervous System, including stroke and spinal cord injury. The enzyme Chondroitinase ABC (purified from Proteus vulgaris) degrades these CSPGs, and has been shown to promote functional recovery and neural regeneration in addition to its role as a tool in glycoanalysis.

Furthermore, enzymes of chondroitinase AC-I, and chondroitinase B from natural and recombinant Flavobacterium heparinum are available.

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a biochemical test used to detect and quantify compounds such as proteins, peptides, hormones, and antibodies. ELISA is a critical diagnostic tool in both biotechnology and medicine because it uses highly specific antibody-antigen interaction. We offer a wide range of ready-to-use ELISA kits for usage with a wide range of species, target proteins, and sample types, including glycobiology ELISA kits. We provide glycosaminoglycan ELISA kits, such as Heparan Sulfate, Chondroitin Sulfate, Dermatan Sulfate, Keratan Sulfate and Hyaluronic Acid Quantification Kits.

The Heparin Red Kit is a sensitive and robust assay, used for the direct detection and quantification of heparin in human blood plasma at concentrations in µg/mL, not the effect of heparin on the clotting cascade. Furthermore, the versatility of the heparin red kit can be useful for detection of non-anticoagulant heparins and other sulphated polysaccharides.

The Heparin Red® Ultra is a simple and direct assay for measuring chemical heparin in complex matrices. The kit is ideal for testing heparin concentrations in crude animal extracts and will be highly valuable to the heparin manufacturing sector. Heparin Red® Ultra was found to suppress nucleic acid interference and detect heparin in urine.

The Sulfated Glycosaminoglycan Quantification Kit uses the metachromatic dye 1, 9‐dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB)  to quantify the amount of sulfated GAGs in the standard and test samples. Samples may need a preliminary digestion step with our 280560-TDK kit to remove the protein portion of proteoglycans.

The Tissue Digestion Kit for Glycosaminoglycan Isolation is designed to digest small tissue samples, serum, plasma and other biological fluids to enable measurement of glycosaminoglycans with our 280560-N kit, by removing the protein portion of proteoglycans (papain digestion step).

We provide carbohydrates of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) with full length polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, and disaccharides for glycobiology research. We offer GAGs with high-grade purified heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid standards from several sources.

Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins with high specificity for specific sugar moieties. Lectins are useful for not only physiological and functional studies but also for research on complex carbohydrate sugar chains. We offer vast diversity of plant-derived lectins products that are compatible with general-purpose mechanisms, have rapid analysis, and can analyze sugars with HPLC.

We provide Recombinant Prokaryotic Lectins (RPLs) of exceptional quality for use as glycoselective tools. Mutagenesis methods were used to expand the product range, resulting in novel RPLs with improved carbohydrate-binding properties. RPLs make it possible to analyze intact glycosylated biomolecules in a simple, rapid, and sensitive way. Many of the issues previously linked to plant-derived lectin products are overcome by recombinant technology. However, plant-derived lectin products offer many advantages as glycoanalytical tools, they still carry with them many limitations.