Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans (CSPGs) are involved in the inhibition of axon regeneration after various forms of damage to the Central Nervous System, including stroke and spinal cord injury. The enzyme Chondroitinase ABC (purified from Proteus vulgaris) degrades these CSPGs, and has been shown to promote functional recovery and neural regeneration in addition to its role as a tool in glycoanalysis.

Chondroitin Sulfate/Dermatan Sulfate

Explore CS and DS Chains

Chondroitin Sulfate (CS) and Dermatan Sulfate (DS) are linear anionic polysaccharides that are widely found on the cell surface and in the cell matrix and connective tissue. CS and DS chains are usually attached to core proteins, forming proteoglycans (PGs). CS and DS exhibit different sulfation patterns and variable sequence arrangements, and their molecular weights also vary within a large range, increasing the structural complexity and diversity of CS/DS. The structure and function of CS/DS PGs involves them in a variety of physiological and pathological processes.

For more on Chondroitin Sulfate and Dermatan Sulfate, see our pages on Purified Glycosaminoglycans, Chondroitin Sulfate Antibodies and Chondroitinase Enzymes. See also our Glycobiology home page.

Chondroitin Sulfate & Dermatan Sulfate Structural Variation

The only structural difference between Chondroitin Sulfate and Dermatan Sulfate is related to the presence of IdoA in the latter.
Both types of GAG chains are extensively sulfated by 4-O and 6-O sulfation on GalNAc and 2-O sulfation on GlcA and IdoA.
The pattern of sulfation can be determined after digestion with bacterial chondroitinases.
These enzymes release the disaccharide GlcA/IdoA(b1-3) GalNAc with different sulfation patterns.
The major types of sulfated polysaccharides are defined by the letters A to E.
These variations in sulfation patterns confer different roles to CSs by promoting selective interactions with different molecules.

Structural Variability of Chondroitin Sulfate & Dermatan Sulfate

AMSBIO is proud to support the glycobiology / Proteoglycan research community with a suite of products for the different sulfation patterns of Chondroitin Sulfate and Dermatan Sulfate.

Letter identification	Dermatan Sulfate (formerly Chondroitin Sulfate B)	Chondroitin Sulfate A	Chondroitin Sulfate C	Chondroitin Sulfate D	Chondroitin Sulfate E
Site of sulfation	Various	Carbon 4 of N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) sugar	Carbon 6 of the GalNAc sugar	Carbon 2 of glucuronic acid and 6 of GalNAc sugar	Carbons 4 and 6 of GalNAc sugar
Systematic name	DS	C-4-S	C-6-S	C-2,6-S	C-4,6-S
AMSBIO Antibody Offering
Monoclonal antibodies recognising undigested GAG:		2H6, LY111, CS-56	2H6, LY111, CS-56	MO-225
CS Stub Antibodies recognizing 0S,4S,6S	2B6 (after digestion with Chondroitinase B)	2B6	3B3
Enzyme Activity against different classes / sulfation patterns.	Chondroitinase B	Chondroitinase AC Enzymes (Flavo, Arthro)
	Chondroitinase ABC catalyses the removal of CS and DS side chains of CSPGs with some activity against HA.
AMSBIO Carbohydrate Offering
Disaccharides	Yes
Oligosaccharides	Yes	Yes (CS-AC oligos)		Yes	Not Yet
Polysaccharides	Yes	Yes	Yes		Yes

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Chondroitin Sulfate/Dermatan Sulfate

Explore CS and DS Chains

Chondroitin Sulfate & Dermatan Sulfate Structural Variation

Structural Variability of Chondroitin Sulfate & Dermatan Sulfate

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